Noam Chomsky
The man is the progenitor of modern linguistics. His work was incredibly influential in the area of cognitive psychology and provided an opposing viewpoint to previous ideas in the field of linguistics, especially the work of B.F. Skinner. He is credited with completely revolutionising psychology in the U.S.A. from behavioural to cognitive psychology. Overall a great man who provided the groundwork for a monumental amount of research in cognitive psychology and particularly the study of linguistics.
George Orwell
One of the most important and influential writers in the past century. Nineteen Eighty-Four remains to this day one of the greatest critical works on totalitarianism. The influence of the book can not be denied, it is so great that it has infiltrated popular culture for the most part unknown by younger generations. Orwell's influence is so great that is name has entered common vernacular.
Slayer
Not so much one person as four great men. Easily one of the best metal bands ever to have graced the planet. Their rise to fame on the back of Reign in Blood was nothing short if monumental. Along with Anthrax, Metallica and Megadeath, they created the thrash metal scene, which paved the way for both black and death metal.
Adolf Eichmann
Known as "the architect of the Holocaust" he is responsible for the efficiency and quickness of the mass slaughter of millions of people. Eichmann was in charge of organising the Final Solution, the transportation of millions of Jews to death camps.